One aspect of this lack is reflected by the fact that the Department of Social Development has developed a list of nine categories of victims for whom they have committed to provide services. There is no category for victims of apartheid atrocities on the list of the Department of Social Development.

While Khulumani has worked for the past almost three years on its victim empowerment programme, it has to date received no support from the DSD for its victim empowerment programmes.

Khulumani knows from its own experience that when victims are provided with the means to develop their own programmes and to manage their own community healing interventions that lead to their having increasing control over their own lives, everything improves in their lives. They become empowered and contributing citizens in their communities through these participatory processes of healing and rehabilitation.